Avian Influenza (Bird Flu) A(H5N1)

• How bird flu virus fragments get into milk sold in stores, and what the spread of H5N1 in cows means for the dairy industry and milk drinkers (Q and A with faculty at the UC Davis Vet School; The Conversation)
• Questions and answers about avian influenza (bird flu) and avian influenza A(H5N1) (CDC)
• Questions and Answers Regarding Milk Safety During Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) Outbreaks (FDA)
• With H5N1 detected in dairy cows, is it safe to drink milk? (UC Riverside News)

Cryptosporidium

• Cryptosporidium (CDC) 

Escherichia coli O157:H7

• Escherichia coli O157:H7 Fact Sheet (CDC)
• INVESTIGATIONS OF MULTISTATE Salmonella, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, and Listeria monocytogenes OUTBREAKS AND POSSIBLE OUTBREAKS (CDC, 2016) (as PDF 575 KB)

Listeria monocytogenes

• CDC Vital Signs: Listeria monocytogenes (CDC) (PDF 1.7 MB)
• CDC materials on Listeria monocytogenes (CDC)
• FDA policy on Listeria monocytogenes (FDA)
• Health Canada policy on Listeria monocytogenes in ready to eat foods (updated 2023, Health Canada) (as PDF 1.4 MB)
• INVESTIGATIONS OF MULTISTATE Salmonella, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, and Listeria monocytogenes OUTBREAKS AND POSSIBLE OUTBREAKS (CDC, 2016) (as PDF 575 KB)
• Listeria monocytogenes (USDA-FSIS)
• Pouillot et al., 2012, Relative Risk of Listeriosis in Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) Sites According to Age, Pregnancy, and Ethnicity, Clinical Infectious Diseases Supplement.  (PDF 158 KB)

Vibrio vulnificus

• The Risk of Eating Raw Molluscan Shellfish Containing Vibrio vulnificus (2011, International Shellfish Sanitation Conference & American Liver Foundation) (PDF 3.4 MB)
• In Spanish: El Reisgo de Comer Moluscos CRUDOS Con Vibrio vulnificus (2011, International Shellfish Sanitation Conference & American Liver Foundation) (PDF 1.2 MB)
  "If you eat raw oysters, you need to know..." This brochure explains the risk of eating raw oysters. Vibrio vulnificus is an organism that may be found in raw oysters. Illness associated with this organism is particularly serious for people with liver disease, either from excessive alcohol intake, viral hepatitis or other causes, hemochromatosis, an iron disorder, diabetes, stomach problems, including previous stomach surgery and low stomach acid (for example, from antacid use), cancer, immune disorders, including HIV infection, long-term steroid use (as for asthma and arthritis).